Numismatický sborník 26, 2011/1-2

Numismatický sborník 26 si můžete objednat na info@nume.cz. Cena obou svazků je 300,- Kč + poštovné a balné 70,- Kč.

 

Obsah sešitu 26/1

Jiří Militký
Nález „Zapletal“: drachmy Alexandra III., Filipa III. a Lysimacha z nálezového souboru neznámé provenience
The ‘Zapletal’ hoard: Drachms of Alexander III, Philip III and Lysimachos from the coin group of an unknown provenance. 3–29

Eva Kolníková
K technike a technológii v keltskom mincovníctve - nál ezy zo Slovenska
Contribution to the technique and technology of the Celtic coinage - finds from Slovakia. 31–57

Július Fröhlich
Keltské mince z oppida Pohanská v Plaveckom Podradí v systéme peňažnej dohody stredoeurópskych Keltov v najmladšej dobe laténskej
The Celtic coins from the oppidum of Pohanská in Plavecké Podhradie in system of the ‘monetary convention’ of the central European Celts in the latest phase of the Late Iron Age. 59–80

Andrzej Romanowski
Możliwości interpretacyje znalezisk monet rzymskich z osad (na przykładzie osady kultury przeworskiej w Kaliszu – Piwonicach)
Possibilities of interpretations of Roman coin finds from the settlements (Example of the Przeworsk settlement in Kalisz – Piwonice) / Možnosti interpretace nálezů římských mincí ze sídlišť (Případ sídliště Przeworské kultury z lokality Kalisz – Piwonice). 81–90

Marek Budaj – Péter Prohászka
Ein oströmischer Solidusfund aus dem Wald von Naháč (Bez. Trnava, Slowakei)
Nález východorímskych solidov v lese pri Naháči (okr. Trnava, Slowakei). 91–97

Dagmar Grossmannová
Poklad z Kyselovic. Analýza a osud jednoho mincovního nálezu ze 2. poloviny 13. století
The Kyselovice hoard. Analysis and history of one coin hoard dated back to the second half of the 13th century. 99–106

Jan T. Štefan
K technologii malých moravských brakteátů druhé poloviny 13. století
Contribution to the minting technique of the small Moravian bracteates dated back to the second half of the 13th century. 107–110

Kamil Smíšek – Antonín Zůbek
Nález dobového mincovního falza z konce 13. století z Brna. Příspěvek k poznání výrobní technologie
Find of the contemporary coin forgery dated back to the end of the 13th century from Brno. Contribution to the minting techniques. 111–115

Martin Musílek
Pět tisíc hřiven Ebruše Poplinova. Příspěvek k finančnímu podnikání pražských a kutnohorských měšťanských elit ve 13. a 14. století na základě výpovědi písemných pramenů
Five thousand grivnas of Ebruš Poplinov. Contribution to the finantial enterprise of the town elites in Prague and Kuttenberg in the 13th and 14th century based
on the written sources. 117–135

Nálezy mincí na území České republiky
Coin Finds in the territory of the Czech Republic

Vojtěch Brádle – Jiří Militký
Nález římské mince v obci Svinary (okr. Hradec Králové)
A Roman coin found in Svinary (Hradec Králové district). 137–138

Jiří Militký – David Vích
Hromadný nález pražských grošů Václava II. z Oucmanic (okr. Ústí nad Orlicí)
Group find of the Prague grossi struck under Wenceslas II from Oucmanice (Ústí n ad Orlicí district). 138–142

Vojtěch Brádle – Jan Skala
Nález parvu Václava II. v Boharyni, část Homyle (okr. Hradec Králové)
Find of a parvus struck under Wenceslas II from Boharyně, location Homyle (Hradec Králové district). 143–144

Michal Kubík – Vlastimil Novák
Nález stříbrné mince osmanského sultána Salíma III. z Lysé nad Labem (okr. Nymburk)
Find of a silver Ottoman coin struck under Selim III from Lysá nad Labem (Nymburk district). 144–146

Vlastimil Novák – Tomáš Smělý
Nález fantazijního osmanského žetonu z Předměřic nad Jizerou (okr. Mladá Boleslav)
Find of an Ottoman fantasy jewelry jeton in Předměřice nad Jizerou (Mladá Boleslav district). 146–148

Zahraniční nálezy mincí z českých zemí
Finds of Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian Coins Abroad

Vojtěch Brádle
Česká mince v nálezech druhé poloviny 17. století v rakouských zemích a Horních Uhrách
Bohemian coins in finds of the second half of the 17th century in Austria and Upper Hungary. 149–153

 

Obsah sešitu 26/2

Jiří Militký
Keltské mince z areálu obchodně-produkčního centra v Němčích nad Hanou (okr. Prostějov). Příspěvek k průběžné dokumentaci nálezového fondu
Celtic coins from the trading and production center of Němčice nad Hanou (Prostějov district). Contribution to the continuous documentation of finds. 163–178

Michal Mašek
Přeražby indo-řeckých mincí a nálezové souvislosti jejich emitentů
Overstrikes on the Indo-Greek coins and finding connections of their issuers. 179–184

Ulrich Werz
Neues zu einen alten Schatz - der Fund von Oberreit (Schweiz, Kanton St. Gallen)
Nové poznatky ke starému pokladu - nález z Oberreit (Švýcarsko, kanton St. Gallen). 185–195

David Lužický
Římské císařské mince ve sbírce Univerzity Karlovy a muzea v České Lípě
Roman Imperial coins in the collection of the Charles University and in the collection of the Česká Lípa Museum. 197–200

Jan Videman – Michal Lutovský
Nález denárů Karla Velikého z hradiště Hradec u Hudčic (okr. Příbram). K problematice kontaktů franského impéria a Čech
Find of the deniers struck under Charles the Great from the hill fort of Hradec near Hudčice (Příbram district). Contribution to the contacts of the Frankish Kingdom and Bohemia. 201–210

Jiří Lukas
Denáry mečového typu (I). Nejstarší varianty a jejich časové zařazení
The deniers of the sword type (I). Oldest varieties and their dating. 211–270

Ján Hunka
Významný súbor stredovekých mincí zo Štúrova z 10. až 16. storočia
Important collection of medieval coins from Štúrovo dated back to the 11th-16th century. 271–277

Borys Paszkiewicz
Skarb z pogranicza brandenbursko-pomorskiego (rejon Barlinka i Choszczna) z drugej połowy XIV wieku
A hoard of the borderland between Pomerania and Brandenburg (the Barlinek and Choszczno area) from the second half of the fourteenth century / Hromadný nález z pomezí Pomořan a Braniborska (oblast Barlinek a Choszczno) ze druhé poloviny 14. století. 279–302

Nálezy mincí na území České republiky
Coin Finds in the territory of the Czech Republic

Miloš Hlava
K depotu českých denárů 12. století z Panenské cihelny v Praze-Střešovicích
Contribution to the hoard of the Bohemian deniers of the 12th century from the Panenská cihelna (brickyard) in Prague-Střešovice. 303–306

Vojtěch Brádle – Jan Skala
Nález mincí Václava II. u obce Petrovice (okr. Hradec Králové)
Find of coins struck under Wenceslas II from Petrovice (Hradec Králové district). 306–308

Marek Budaj – Tomáš Smělý
Nález uhorského dukátu Maxmiliána II. pri Týnci nad Labem (okr. Kolín)
Find of a Hungarian ducat struck under Maximilian II from Týnec nad Labem (Kolín district). 308–310

Marek Budaj – Tomáš Smělý
Zaujímavý menší grajciarový nález zo Starej Boleslavi (okr. Praha-východ)
An interesting smaller group of kreuzers found near Stará Boleslav. 311–313

Martin Hrubeš – Vlastimil Novák
Nález stříbrného piastru osmanského sultána Muráda V. u obce Újezdec (okr. Svitavy)
Find of an Ottoman silver piaster struck under the Sultan Murad V in Újezdec (Svitavy district). 314–315

Zahraniční nálezy mincí z českých zemí
Finds of Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian Coins Abroad

Jiří Lukas
Nález českých denárů Boleslava II. v Uduvere (ostrov Saaremaa, Estonsko)
Find of the Bohemian deniers struck under Boleslav II from Uduvere (Saaremaa Island, Estonia). 316–319

Diskuze
Discussion

Jiří Hána
Motivace a její role při ohlašování nových mincovních nálezů
Motivation and its role in reporting new coin finds. 320–323

 

Abstrakty a klíčová slova
Abstracts and Key words

The ‛Zapletal’ hoard: Drachms of Alexander III, Philip III and Lysimachos from the coin group of an unknown provenance.
There is an interesting group of the Greek coins preserved in the numismatic department of the National Museum in Prague, originally a hoard very likely. The coins were purchased for the museum from František Zapletal in 1932. As precisely mentioned in the accession book – they came from ‛one hoard’. It is possible to identify currently 104 pieces from the original 126 coins. Based on the hoard content, it is possible to speculate that the hoard could come from the territory of the present-day Bulgaria or Turkey very likely, i.e. from the ancient Thracia or the western part of Asia Minor respectively. The hoard was buried after 295/290 BC at the earliest – the 280s BC or 270s BC are very probable.

hoard, Alexander III, Philip III, Lysimachos, Asia Minor

Contribution to the technique and technology of the Celtic coinage – finds from Slovakia.
In Slovakia, in spite of the significant appearance of the Celtic coins, only very little objects are at the disposal, which can explain the technique and technology of the Celtic coin production in a certain find spot – there are 18 of them. The largest number of the probable coin production places was registered in the south-west Slovakia. Some places with finds are situated in north Slovakia and in north-west Slovakia. Together with coins, some objects which could be connected with the coin production are registered there. Comparison of the Slovak and foreign objects connected with the coin striking process (Bohemia, Moravia, Hungary, Austria, Germany, Poland, Ukraine, Romania) can help to complete information about technical and technological methods used in the Celtic coinage.

The Celts, coins, processing of precious metals, melting pots / sheets, striking of coins

The Celtic coins from the oppidum of Pohanská in Plavecké Podhradie in system of the ‘monetary convention’ of the central European Celts in the latest phase of the Late Iron Age.
The article presents the Celtic coins found in the fortified hill fort Pohanská, which now belongs to the Plavecké Podhradie village (south-west Slovakia). The hoard is not large in number of specimens, but the selection of coins and its importance makes it significant in connection of the Pohanská oppidum with the Boian territory and its coinage.

Slovakia, Celts, oppidum, coinage

Possibilities of interpretations of Roman coin finds from the settlements (Example of the Przeworsk settlement in Kalisz – Piwonice).
Coin finds in settlement contexts represent a special group which gives us cognitive possibilities to discover what is not possible to find in other categories of findings, i.e. grave finds, treasures, etc. Coins deposited in hoards or in the cemeteries had special functions, and what follow, it is a selection of material. On the example of the Roman coin finds from the Przeworsk culture settlement in Kalisz – Piwonice (Poland), it is possible to observe different groups of coin finds which can be analyzed in three groups at a different information level. Coins found in close contexts – in an object, then in culture layers, and finally findings found in surface layers of the settlement area – they contain the largest amount of information. Information gathered in this way can be used for research in the coin circulation and function, as well as for comparative research in other categories of coin finds in order to determine their identity (particularly in the case of the accidentally lost single coins) and mutual relationship.

Poland, Roman times, the Przeworsk culture, Roman coins

Find of Byzantine solidi in the forest near Naháč (Trnava district, Slovakia).
The hoard from Naháč was discovered in unknown time and under unknown circumstances. It is not known whether there were other coins in the hoard, but a possible larger group of solidi cannot be excluded. The solidi struck under Leo I could come to the present-day south-west Slovakia via several different ways. Either they could be brought there by the Germanic soldiers serving in the Roman troops or barbarian elites could receive them as gifts for their loyal imperial service. The solidi could also come there in form of charges paid by the Romans to the various Germanic leaders. After the fail of the Hunnish power, the various Roman representatives paid various sums to the Gepids, Ostrogoths and Suebians. Also the solidi truck under Leo I could belong to them. Ten specimens are known from single finds and six pieces come from two group finds.

Leo I., hoard, south-west Slovakia

The Kyselovice hoard. Analysis and history of one coin hoard dated back to the second half of the 13th century.
The coin hoard was discovered via ploughing by František Topič in 1862. The exact composition of the hoard is questionable. There are 2,115 coins in the preserved part of the hoard, 2,090 of them represent the small Moravian bracteates and 25 of them are classified as the small Moravian deniers of the pfennig type. The bracteates were mostly struck under Přemysl Otakar II (1253–1278), one type of the small bracteate has been classified as having been produced under the Olomouc Bishop Bruno of Schauenburg (1245–1281).

Moravia, the 13th century, hoard, deniers, bracteates

Contribution to the minting technique of the small Moravian bracteates dated backto the second half of the 13th century.
Research in the minting techniques represents an integral part of the numismatic work. Striking the small Moravian bracteates of the second half of the 13th century piece by piece has been confirmed via large-scale comparison of their obverses and reverses. The details on obverse could not be struck on obverse of the following specimen. The same phenomenon has been proved on the Augsburg bracteates of the Lechfeld hoard. Rougher image of the Moravian bracteates is replenished by more delicate incisions which rise above the surface of the die. The dies got worn and that is why they had to be cast again, and their matrices had to be corrected. Nothing is known about importance the these incisions, but it is possible to anticipate that they should confirm validity of the bracteates struck from the dies made of the worn matrices, or stop copying of the coins respectively.

the 13th century, Moravia, bracteate, minting techniques, worn dies, worn matrices

Find of the contemporary coin forgery dated back to the end of the 13th century from Brno. Contribution to the minting techniques.
In 2004, an interesting contemporary coin forgery dated back to the end of the 13th century was found during the rescue archaeological excavations led by the Archaia company in the Koliště Street in Brno. During the conservation process, the contemporary forgery of the Vienna pfennig struck under Albrecht I (1282–1298) was analyzed using ED XRF method and then also using method of electron microscopy with EDS microanalysis. Both measueremets proved the fact, that the forged flan was made of zinc-bronze alloy and plated with tin and lead in fire.

the 13th century, Brno, coin forgery, ED XRF analysis

Five thousand grivnas of Ebruš Poplinov. Contribution to the finantial enterprise of the town elites in Prague and Kuttenberg in the 13th and 14th century based on the written sources.
Comparison of the loan levels recorded in the form books with the records in the town books proved that the members of the Prague and Kuttenberg town elites of the break of the 13th and 14th century had sums which overran 1,000 silver grivnas at their disposal. Because of the decrease of profitability in the Kuttenberg silver mines during the first half of the 14th century, participation of the town elites in silver mining lowered gradually, and their members started to prefer the finantial business. During organizing the finantial transactions, the wealthiest town people were unscrupulous in cooperation with Jewish loan sharks. It is possible to find the ruler and aristocracy, high clergy, the bishops of Prague and Olomouc, plus monasteries and other religious institutions among the recorded names on the lists of the Jewish creditors.

town elites, Prague, Kuttenberg, form books, trade, finantial business, Jews, credit

A Roman coin found in Svinary (Hradec Králové district).
In June 2011, a Roman as was found via amateur metal detecting prospection in the field in the outskirts of the Svinary village, near the local cemetery. Based on badly preserved portrait of the ruler, the coin could be attributed to Marcus Aurelius with a certain reservation.

Roman Empire, Marcus Aurelius, as

Group find of the Prague grossi struck under Wenceslas II from Oucmanice (Ústí nad Orlicí district).
In 2007, David Vích discovered a group of eight Prague grossi struck under Wenceslas II. The coins buried before 1311 could indicate existence of the local communications following the Tichá Orlice River valley. The find is represented mainly by common types of the Prague grossi struck under Wenceslas II (Smolík 1971, no. 2 – here nos. 2–8). The grossus listed under no. 1 here is very interesting – it represents the type with the so-called ‘small’ lion, which has not been clearly defined in literature yet.

Bohemia, Wenceslas II, group find, Prague grossus

Find of a parvus struck under Wenceslas II from Boharyně, location Homyle (Hradec Králové district).
In 2011, one parvus struck under Wenceslas II was found via metal detecting prospection in the field near Homyle, a part of the Boharyně village. In this case, it was apparently an accidentally lost coin, the first registered specimen in that village.

Bohemia, Wenceslas II, parvus

Find of a silver Ottoman coin struck under Sultan Selim III from Lysá nad Labem (Nymburk district).
In 2011, during surface examination of the locality near the castle in Lysá nad Labem (Nymburk district), a silver para struck under the Ottoman sultan Selim III (AH 1203–1222/ AD 1789–1807) was found. The coin was produced in Islambul in AH 1203, with actual year 13 (i.e. AH 1215/ AD 1800). The Ottoman para is pierced and with a pendant.

Bohemia, Ottoman Empire, Selim III, paraFind of an Ottoman fantasy jewelry jeton from Předměřice nad Jizerou (Mladá Boleslav district).
An Ottoman fantasy jeton was found via metal detecting activities in Předměřice nad Jizerou (Mladá Boleslav district). It was an accidental loss possibly of the 19th–20th century, the Balkan origin of this decorative piece is very probable.

Bohemia, Ottoman Empire, jewelry jeton

Bohemian coins in finds of the second half of the 17th century in Austria and Upper Hungary.
The study is focused on role of the Bohemian coins in finds of the second half of the 17th century from Austria and Upper Hungary. These coins are compared with a selected sample of the Bohemian group coins finds of the same period.

Bohemia, Austria, Hungary, coin finds, second half of the 17th century

Celtic coins from the trading and production center of Němčice nad Hanou (Prostějov district). Contribution to the continuous documentation of finds.
The trading and production center of Němčice nad Hanou belongs to the most important localities dated back to the LT C1–C2 period. Coins represent the most threatened category – some one thousand coins are registered there – large number of these coins disappeared in the numismatic trade without documentation and declaration of locality. The coinslisted here have already been documented in the numismatic trade. Only their smaller part ended up in the collection of the Moravian Land Museum in Brno. Some 73 coins are listed here. The following types have been classified: one obolus with torques on reverse, five 1/8-staters of the Athena-Alkis type, one drachm with star on reverse, and numerous oboli of the Roseldorf / Němčice I and II types, plus three pieces of cut metal.

Moravia, the Boians, Celtic coins

Overstrikes on the Indo-Greek coins and finding connections of their issuers.
Chronology of the Greek-Bactrian and mainly Indo-Greek rulers has not been definitely completed yet. Overstruck coins of the individual rulers are often used for setting of the relative chronology. The fact, that the majority of the described overstruck coins are represented by the bronze denominations, it is possible to speculate, that the bronze issues played a role of the credit means of payment, and it was necessary to declare their validity. Overstriking of drachms and tertradrachms is justifiable by the lower production costs only compared to the costs of the classical minting procedure.

Bactria, Indo-Greeks, overstruck coin

New information about the old hoard – the Oberriet case (Switzerland, St. Gallen Canton).
Currently, 1,361 Roman coins are known from the Oberriet hoard – all of them dated back to the 3rd century AD. Some 72% of the coins found in 1941 are still physically at the disposal. Attributions of the remaining pieces are known. Erwin Rigert led archaeological excavations in November 2005 localizing the original find place. The following archaeological examinations in November 2006 discovered the particular cultural layer, and many other objects (e.g. clasps) were found there apart from coins. The hoard seemed to consist of the older part and the later part. It was buried around 271 AD.

Switzerland, hoard, Roman Empire, the 3rd century AD

Roman Imperial coins in the collection of the Charles University and in the collection of the Česká Lípa Museum.
The Roman Imperial coins published here were recorded during studies in the ancient coins preserved in the collection of the Charles University and in the collection of the Česká Lípa Museum. The first described coin has been attributed as a sestertius produced under Maximinus I Thrax – after withdrawing from circulation, the coin was secondarily modiefied via cutting the edges which created its current circular shape. The second described coin has been attributed as a reduced follis produced under Maximinus Daia struck in the third workshop of the Cyzicus mint – it is a hybrid coin struck from the reverse die of 308–309 and the obverse die of the period after May 310. The third specimen belongs to the collection of the ancient coins in the Česká Lípa Museum. It has been attributed as an issue produced under Claudius II Gothicus and classified after Bland and Burnett (1988) under coins struck in Siscia in 268, issues 1a).

Maximianus I, sestertius, Maximinus Daia, follis, Claudius II Gothicus, antoninianus

Find of the deniers struck under Charles the Great from the hill fort of Hradec near Hudčice (Příbram district). Contribution to the contacts of the Frankish Kingdom and Bohemia.
Four deniers struck under Charles the Great were found at the grounds of the early medieval hill fort of Hradec nera Hudčice (cadastral area of Martinice, Příbram district) in 2007-2008. Unfortunately, circumstances of this illegal detector find are very unclear. All coins were produced in Pavia (Lombardy), which was one of the most important mints by its production in the Frankish Kingdom in time of Charles the Great. The presented find can definitely prove contacts of Bohemia and the Bavarian Danubian territory at the beginning of the 9th century, the contacts closely tied with the ruling elite of the Bohemian tribe.

Bohemia, Bavaria, the Frankish Kingdom, Hradec near Hudčice, Charles the Great, denier

The deniers of the sword type (I). Oldest varieties and their dating.
The deniers of the sword type represent a limited group of coins with common formal features from the iconographic point of view. The denier type with sword(s) image has many varieties different in symbols or marks which supplement the main obverse image or the reverse iconography. The chronological group of the Bohemian and foreign finds of deniers point to the fact, that the particular varieties of the deniers of the sword type were produced in the Prague mint some time between the end of the first half of the 980s and the beginning of the 990s. There is no link between obverse image of the Bohemian deniers of the sword type and the European continental or Anglo-Saxon coinage, and the iconographic origin of the obverse form of the deniers of the sword type remains unknown.

Bohemia, Boleslav II, early Middle-Ages, denier, sword type

Important collection of medieval coins from Štúrovo dated back to the 11th–16th century.
In time of various illegal enquirings in 2005–2010, more than 1500 medieval and modern coins were found in Štúrovo and its surroundings. Some of them come from several coin hoards. But the majority of them were usual pieces. Minimally 3 hoards were in the mentioned group. Some 100 pieces
of the Hungarian anonymous deniers of the older type with cross and balls are dated back to the 11th century.The hoard of ca 300 pieces of copper coins struck under Bela III–IV is dated by the following interval: 1190–1240. The Hungarian imitations of the Vienna pfennigs were found dated back to the last third of 13th century. A lot of deniers struck under Carolus Robert, Ludovicus the Great and Mary, various types of coins from Sigismund of Luxembourg to Mathias Corvinus have been also discovered. Modern coins are represented mainly by the very important Turkish akces, possibly dated to the period of the first attacks of the Turkish armies in Slovakia after 1530.

Slovakia, Štúrovo, Middle Ages, early modern times, coin finds

A hoard of the borderland between Pomerania and Brandenburg (the Barlinek and Choszczno area) from the second half of the fourteenth century.
A newly discovered hoard from the Barlinek and Choszczno area, gives us a possibility to reconsider the attribution and the dating of several types of Vinkenauge pennies from east Brandenburg and its neighbouring areas from the period of the late Bavarians and the early Luxembourgs. The hoard, although being relatively small (118 coins known), shares several very rare types with the huge and well known Teschenbusch (Cieszyno) 1877 hoard. There are Greater-Poland’s coins of King Casimir III among them. Important alterations in the dating of the Pomeranian vinkenauge coinage might be suggested based upon this.

Pomerania, Brandenburg, Greater Poland, Casimir the Great, hoard, coinage, fourteenth century

Contribution to the hoard of the Bohemian deniers of the 12th century from the Panenská cihelna (brickworks) in Prague-Střešovice.
Some years ago, the hoard of the silver deniers from the former collection of J. A. Jíra was published (Militký 2006). Revision of the archive sources connected with the Jíra´s collection done during the last few years enables decisive precision of events which led to ownership of one fragment of the hoard by J. A. Jíra.

Prague-Střešovice, hoard, the 12th century, revision

Find of coins struck under Wenceslas II from Petrovice (Hradec Králové district).
A small group find of coins struck under Wenceslas II was discovered via metal detecting prospection in the Mečník Forest near the Petrovice village in 2011. There were six Prague grossi and one parvus of the mentioned ruler registered there. The coins were found in the surface layer in space of some 4-6 square meters. Because of the footpath crossing the finding place, it is difficult to judge whether the coins represent some small cash buried there deliberately, and then dispersed via existence of the footpath, or whether it is a small group of coins accidentally lost there.

Bohemia, Wenceslas II, Prague grossus, parvus

Find of a Hungarian ducat struck under Maximilian II from Týnec nad Labem (Kolín district).
There is a rare ducat struck under Maximilian II in 1575 in the Košice mint preserved in a private collection. The coin was found via amateur metal detecting prospection in the field situated to the north-north-west of the built-up area of Týnec nad Labem. It is probably an accidentally lost coin. The ducats produced under Maximilian II in Košice are very rare.

Hungary, Košice, Maximilian II, ducat

An interesting smaller group of kreuzers found near Stará Boleslav.
A group of four kreuzers dated back to the end of the 17th century was found via amateur metal detecting activities in the forest some 1.5 km to the north-east of Stará Boleslav. Three pieces come from the Hungarian mints, and one coin – the latest issue – was struck in the Vienna mint. The latest coin is represented by the 6-kreuzer struck in the Vienna mint in 1686.

Hungary, Bohemia, Hoard, Leopold I.

Find of an Ottoman silver piaster struck under the Sultan Murad V from Újezdec (Svitavy district).
An Ottoman piaster was found via metal detecting activities in Újezdec, in April 2012. The silver coin was struck under Murad V (AH 1293/ AD 1876), in Qustantiniya in AH 1293, year 1 (AD 1876). The Ottoman specimen possibly came there from the Balkans during the Austro-Hungarian period.

Bohemia, Ottoman Empire, Murad V, piaster

Find of the Bohemian deniers struck under Boleslav II from Uduvere (Saaremaa Island, Estonia).
Before 2003, a group coin find consisting of twenty coins dated back to the end of the 10th century was discovered in the inland part of the Saaremaa Island (Ösel previously), close to the Uduvere village (Estonia). Three Bohemian deniers struck under the Prince Boleslav II (972–999) were also  found there.

Bohemia, Estonia, Boleslav II, denier

Motivation and its role in reporting new coin finds.
The author of the study reflects the cheerless situation in the case of the coin finds in the Czech Republic after 1989. The author analyses the possible reasons and studies motivation of these people for reporting the finds. The author finally observes that the finds should be only lent to the particular institutions for scientific research, and then returned to the finders. Pre-emptive rights should be surely granted to the state in the case of some extraordinary finds. Motivation for reporting the finds should be backed up by a guarantee granting full price to the finder, so she would be not forced to conceal the objects or sell them.

Czech Republic, coin finds, finder´s fee

 

Filosofia, vydavatelství Filosofického ústavu AVČR, v.v.i., Praha
svazek 1: číslo publikace: 342, Praha 2012, ISBN: 978-80-7007-371-1
svazek 2: číslo publikace: 343, Praha 2012, ISBN: 978-80-7007-372-8